The primary responsibility for having necessary Personal Protective Equipment and equipment such as ventilators is with hospitals. They need to have sufficient for predictable usage, plus allowance for repairs and maintenance, plus allowance for a moderate surges in demand. For greater surges in demand, cities, then counties, then states should each have stockpiles of PPE and equipment such as ventilators. The Federal Government should be the last, not the first, resort for such supplies and equipment.
Looking at https://covidtracking.com/data/national , it was only on March 15th that the count of daily confirmed new cases in the US topped 10,000. With that as context, what has the Trump Administration done with regard to ventilators?
March 27, 2020 - Executive order delegating to the Secretaries of HHS, DHS, and Defense President Trump's authority to make or guarantee loans, purchase and commit to purchase, and other actions to obtain and facilitate the domestic manufacture of PPE, ventilators, and other medical necessities; https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/DCPD-202000198/pdf/DCPD-202000198.pdf , While this sounds like a yawner, the authority Trump delegated was used to make numerous purchase totalling 10s of millions or billions of dollars
March 27, 2020 - Trump signed a Defense Production Act order to General Motors to make ventilators; https://www.cnbc.com/2020/03/27/trump-orders-general-motors-to-make-ventilators-under-defense-production-act.html, https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/memorandum-order-defense-production-act-regarding-general-motors-company/
March 27, 2020 - Under DPA order, GM and Ventec partnering to produce ventilators; GM will also produce surgical masks at its Warren, MI, ramping up to 50K a day in two weeks, with potential to produce up to 100K per day; https://www.cnbc.com/2020/03/27/trump-orders-general-motors-to-make-ventilators-under-defense-production-act.html , https://www.venteclife.com/news/ventec-life-systems-and-gm-partner-to-mass-produce-critical-care-ventilators-in-response-to-covid19-pandemic
March 30, 2020 - Ford Motor Company committed to producing 50,000 ventilators in the next 100 days; https://www.cnbc.com/2020/03/30/ford-ge-plan-to-produce-50000-ventilators-in-100-days.html
March 31, 2020 - In response to March 27 DPA order, GM repurposing Kokomo, IN factory to produce Ventec ventilators; https://www.kokomotribune.com/news/gm-hiring-local-workers-to-build-ventilators-in-kokomo/article_4818254c-72bb-11ea-9c48-9b461b7fcc9e.html
April 2, 2020 - Trump invoked the Defense Production Act to direct General Electric Co., Hill-Rom Holdings Inc., Medtronic Public Limited Co., ResMed Inc., Royal Philips N.V. and Vyaire Medical Inc. to produce ventilators and material for producing ventilators; https://www.cnn.com/2020/04/02/politics/defense-production-act-ventilator-supplies/index.html
April 8, 2020 - Under the DPA, HHS announced contract with Philips to produce 2,500 ventilators for Strategic National Stockpile by end of May and 43000 by the end of December 2020; https://www.fema.gov/press-release/20230510/applying-defense-production-act , https://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/491812-hhs-announces-646-million-contract-with-philips-to-provide-ventilators/
April 8, 2020 - HHS announced the first contract with GM to produce 30,000 ventilators to be delivered to the National Stockpile by the end of August; https://www.cnn.com/2020/04/08/politics/general-motors-ventilators-defense-production-act-coronavirus/index.html , https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/491765-gm-to-produce-30000-ventilators-under-500m-defense-production-act/
April 13, 2020 - HHS announced new contracts for ventilator production under the DPA to General Electric, Hill-Rom, Medtronic, ResMed, and Vyaire, mentioned in Trump's April 2 DPA order, as well as contracts with Hamilton and Zoll, also under the DPA; https://www.fema.gov/press-release/20230510/applying-defense-production-act , https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/IN/IN11337
April 14, 2020 - GM began mass production on an order of 30,000 Ventec ventilators, 600 ventilators to be shipped this month, the full order to be completed by August; https://www.autoweek.com/news/industry-news/a32169651/gm-starts-ventilator-production-in-under-a-month/
April 16, 2020 - Under the DPA, HHS announced a $336 million contract with GE for 50,000 ventilators to be produced by July 13; https://www.medtechdive.com/news/ge-ford-get-336m-hhs-contract-for-50k-lower-cost-ventilators/576247/ , https://www.cnbc.com/2020/04/16/ge-ford-sign-336-million-federal-contract-for-ventilator-production.html
April 17, 2020 - GM announced that they delivered the first GM-Ventec ventilators to Chicago hospitals; https://investor.gm.com/news-releases/news-release-details/first-general-motors-ventec-critical-care-ventilators-delivered
April 30, 2020 - FDA approved EUA for a ventilator developed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which is tailored to treat patients with COVID-19; https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-includes-ventilator-developed-nasa-ventilator-emergency-use , https://www.nasa.gov/news-release/nasa-developed-ventilator-authorized-by-fda-for-emergency-use/
May 28, 2020 - Under the DPA, DOD in support of HHS signed a $2.2 million contract with Hollingsworth & Vose to increase US production of 27.5 million N95 ventilator filters and 3.1 million N95 respirators per month starting in August; https://www.defense.gov/News/Releases/Release/Article/2200654/dod-announces-defense-production-act-title-3-covid-19-ppe-project-22-million-in/
June 2, 2020 - FDA added a second ventilator developed by NASA to the list of authorized ventilators, under EUA; https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-daily-roundup-june-2-2020
June 8, 2020 - FDA added the BioMedInnovations SuppleVent Ventilator to the list of ventilators authorized under EUA; https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-daily-roundup-june-8-2020
June 29, 2020 - FDA added the Stewart & Stevenson Healthcare Technologies, LLC: Apollo ABVM and SAGICO USA, LLC: V2O SAGICO SYSTEM to the list of ventilators authorized under EUA; https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-daily-roundup-june-29-2020
July 23, 2020 - Under the DPA, DOD in coordination with HHS awarded Pall Corporation a NTE $4.9 million contract to increase domestic production capacity of ventilator filters; https://www.defense.gov/Newsroom/Releases/Release/Article/2286217/dod-awards-49-million-contract-to-pall-corporation-to-increase-industrial-base/
Context matters; or How the City of New York created its own 2020 ventilator shortage - https://www.propublica.org/article/how-new-york-city-emergency-ventilator-stockpile-ended-up-on-the-auction-block
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